Are you "tire-literate"? If you aren't, our Tire Terminology will help you better understand all aspects of your tires.
Aspect ratio - is the ratio of section height to section width. A 70 series tire, therefore, is a tire whose height is equal to 70% of its width. Lower profile tires hence have lower series numbers. It should be noted that in general, tires with a lower section height (i.e. where the aspect ratio is lowered) have a higher cornering force and therefore improved performance-handling characteristics.
Load Index - Many tires come with a service description added on to the end of the tire's size. These service descriptions contain a two-digit number (load index) and a letter (speed rating). The load index is a representation of the maximum load each tire is designed to support. Because the maximum tire load capacity is branded on the tire's sidewall, the load index is used as a quick reference.
Use the following chart to determine the maximum load-carrying capacity based on a tire's load index:
Plus One Concept - The plus one concept describes the proper sizing up of a wheel and tire combo. Basically, each time you add 1 inch to the wheel diameter, add 20mm to the tire width and subtract 10% from the aspect ratio. This compensates nicely for the increases in rim width that generally accompany increases in diameter too. By using a larger diameter wheel with a lower profile tire it's possible to properly maintain the overall rolling radius, keeping odometer and speedometer changes negligible. By using a tire with a shorter sidewall, you gain quickness better than the sidewall of the tire, so the more wheel and less sidewall there is, the better it looks. However, be prepared for a stiffer ride as there will be less sidewall to cushion undulations in the road.
Speed Rating Letter - All tires are rated with a speed letter. This indicates the maximum speed that the tire can sustain for a ten minute endurance without coming to pieces and destroying itself.
Letter MPH KM/H
P 95 150
Q 100 160
R 106 170
S 112 180
T 118 190
U 124 200
H 130 210
V 150 240
W 168 270
Y 188 300
Z 149+ 240+
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